Broadly speaking, RL works as a pretty good model of instrumental learning, though a detailed argument for this has never been publically made (the closest to this is probably   Barto, Sutton and Watkins, 1990). On the other hand, the links between classical (or Pavlovian) conditioning and temporal-difference (TD) learning (one of the central elements of RL) are close and widely acknowledged (see  Sutton and Barto, 1990).

 Ron Sun has developed hybrid models combining high-level and low-level skill learning, based in part on RL, which make contact with psychological data (see  Sun, Merrill, and Peterson, 2001).